Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42797575›Full record

ArticleVaccines2026

Health System Capacity to Deliver Routine Childhood Immunisations: An Assessment of Health Facilities in Gazelle and Kokopo Districts, East New Britain.

Milena Dalton, Stefanie Vaccher, Christopher Morgan, Benjamin Sanderson, Pele Melepia, Hannah A James, Lynette Duwaba, Benjamin Paivu, Patrick Kiromat, Elsie Stanley and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Milena DaltonBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8479-1855
Stefanie VaccherBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Christopher MorganBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0931-5474
Benjamin SandersonBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Pele MelepiaMustard Seed Global, 54 Shearwater Dr, Glenmore Park, Sydney, NSW 2745, Australia.
Hannah A JamesBurnet Institute, Section 90, Lot 1 Takubar, Kokopo P.O. Box 1458, Papua New Guinea.
Lynette DuwabaBurnet Institute, Section 90, Lot 1 Takubar, Kokopo P.O. Box 1458, Papua New Guinea.
Benjamin PaivuBurnet Institute, Section 90, Lot 1 Takubar, Kokopo P.O. Box 1458, Papua New Guinea.
Patrick KiromatEast New Britain Provincial Health Authority, Butuwin, Kokopo P.O. Box 714, Papua New Guinea.
Elsie StanleyEast New Britain Provincial Health Authority, Butuwin, Kokopo P.O. Box 714, Papua New Guinea.
Edward WaraminPapua New Guinea National Department of Health, Aopi Building Centre, Waigani Dr, National Capital District 121, Port Moresby P.O. Box 807, Papua New Guinea.
Moses LamanPapua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Boroko, National Capital District 111, Port Moresby P.O. Box 5854, Papua New Guinea.ORCID 0000-0003-0964-805X
Caroline S E HomerBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Michelle J L ScoullarBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Leanne J RobinsonBurnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Margie DanchinFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, 161 Barry St., Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7624-5691
William PomatPapua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka P.O. Box 60, Papua New Guinea.

Funding

Australian Government 79533Baker FoundationDrakensberg Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOver the past decade, the East New Britain Provincial Health Authority in Papua New Guinea has worked with partner research organisations to implement data-driven interventions to improve immunisation coverage. This paper reports on facility assessments conducted as part of a cross-sectional study to understand improvements and identify enablers and barriers to routine childhood immunisation in the province.

methodsBetween May and August 2023, nine urban and rural health facilities, providing immunisation services at the time of the study in five areas, were assessed using an adapted World Health Organisation (WHO) Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool. The tool evaluated facility characteristics, routine childhood immunisation readiness and vaccine supply data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and findings were mapped to adapted WHO health system categories to identify service delivery improvement priorities.

findingsSeveral aspects of immunisation service availability and quality had improved since an assessment in 2016/17. Strengths included fixed-facility and outreach service models tailored to catchment populations, high availability of cold chain and vaccine administration equipment, improved immunisation guidance and job-aids. Priority areas included increasing workforce capacity, improving health record completion to inform outreach, increasing availability of guidelines and reporting tools, reducing stock-outs and enhancing stock tracking.

conclusionsOffering accessible vaccination at every opportunity and using quality data to inform programme implementation and resource allocation are priorities for the Provincial Health Authority. This facility-level assessment identified existing immunisation delivery strengths and highlighted community- and provincial-level priority investment areas to strengthen facility capacity and routine immunisation service delivery.

Indexed as

health facility assessmentPapua New Guinearoutine immunisation

Identifiers

PMID42797575
PMCPMC13611644

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.