Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42796974›Full record

ArticleNutrients2026

Comparative Analysis of Live and Heat-Killed

Zhi Zhao, Xinyi Li, Jian He, Ran Wang, Lianhang Lan, Jingjing He, Jie Guo, Yixuan Li, Wen Zhao, Xiaoxia Li

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhi ZhaoDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.
Xinyi LiDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.ORCID 0009-0008-6893-8456
Jian HeNational Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 100118, China.
Ran WangDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.
Lianhang LanNational Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 100118, China.
Jingjing HeDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2427-9064
Jie GuoDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.
Yixuan LiDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.
Wen ZhaoNational Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 100118, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0094-711X
Xiaoxia LiDepartment of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China.ORCID 0009-0001-5601-8539

Funding

National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy 2023-JSGG-28
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFunctional constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder that impairs quality of life. Although probiotics have shown benefits in constipation, whether live and heat-killed forms of the same strain act through similar mechanisms remains unclear. This study compared the effects of live and heat-killed

methodsLoperamide-treated mice received live or heat-killed

resultsBoth preparations relieved constipation, as reflected by shorter defecation latency, increased fecal output and moisture, and faster intestinal transit, with live K56 producing greater improvement. Colonic injury was alleviated, accompanied by reduced Aqp2 and Aqp3 expression and normalization of 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide. The treatments increased

conclusionsLive and heat-killed

Indexed as

ConstipationLacticaseibacillus paracaseiProbioticsAnimalsColonDisease Models, AnimalGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGastrointestinal MotilityGastrointestinal TransitHot TemperatureLoperamideMaleMiceLoperamidefecal metabolitesfunctional constipationgut microbiotaheat-killed bacteriaLacticaseibacillus paracasei K56loperamidepostbiotics

Identifiers

PMID42796974
PMCPMC13610784

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.