ReviewMicromachines2026
Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes: Engineering, Stability, and Applications.
Review in Micromachines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have rapidly achieved external quantum efficiencies comparable to established organic and quantum-dot LEDs. Their narrow emission spectra, tunable bandgaps, high photoluminescence efficiencies, and low-temperature processing make them promising for displays, lighting, optical communication, and flexible electronics, although their commercialization remains limited by short operational lifetime, efficiency roll-off, unstable blue emission, ion migration, interfacial degradation, and poor large-area uniformity. This review provides a device-engineering-centered analysis connecting perovskite materials and processing conditions with charge injection, radiative recombination, optical extraction, and stability. It introduces the essential characteristics of 3D, 2D/quasi-2D, and nanocrystal perovskites and evaluates major engineering approaches, including composition and dimensionality control, crystallization regulation, defect passivation, transport-layer and interface modification, charge balancing, and optical outcoupling. An emphasis of this review is its comparison of the problems addressed by these approaches and their trade-offs among efficiency, spectral stability, lifetime, and manufacturing compatibility. Degradation under electrical operation is examined with attention to Joule heating, ion migration, charge accumulation, and interfacial reactions. Emerging patterned, reconfigurable, flexible, transparent, and communication devices are also discussed. Finally, the review identifies operational stability, efficient blue emission, scalable fabrication, high-resolution patterning, lead toxicity, and competition with OLEDs as the principal challenges for PeLED commercialization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.