ArticleMicromachines2026
μFlow: A Computational Platform for Microfluidic Hall-Effect Magnetic Bead Detection with Parametric Design Optimization.
Article in Micromachines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Microfluidic Hall-effect biosensors detect superparamagnetic bead labels as they flow past a thin-film Hall element in a microchannel. Designing one couples bead magnetization, stray-field distribution, Hall transport, and channel flow across 14 parameters that finite-element solvers explore only at minutes to hours per configuration. We present a coupled analytical-numerical framework for this signal chain: Clausius-Mossotti bead magnetization with a volume fraction correction, a point-dipole stray field, a volume-averaged Hall voltage, Poiseuille transport, and a Johnson-Nyquist and Hooge 1/f noise model, evaluated across 12 sensor presets compiled from the literature, spanning graphene, III-V semiconductors, Si CMOS, bismuth, and topological insulators; any other platform can be defined from user-supplied transport parameters. Benchmarked against a companion COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 study, the framework reproduces the Hall voltage to within 4.8% at a favorable bead-to-sensor area ratio and deviates by 22% and 15% at off-optimum geometries, consistent with the point-dipole near-field limit at h/rb=1. Three design rules follow: a signal-to-noise ridge at sensor widths comparable to the bead diameter (w*≈db; area ratios 0.4-1.0 at constant voltage, 0.5-2.6 at constant current), matching reported single-bead geometries; a material choice that must be made under an explicit electrical drive constraint; and a sampling-limited flow-velocity window. Predicted signals agree at the order-of-magnitude level with published InAs and Si CMOS experiments. We release the model as a freely accessible, no-install browser implementation with a built-in 2D axisymmetric magnetostatic finite-element (FEM) solver that maps where the dipole approximation degrades.
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