Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42795650›Full record

ArticleMicroorganisms2026

Re-Emerging Bacterial Pathogens, Resistance Genes and Promising Bioindicators in Raw and Treated Sewage-Addressing a Known Issue from a Different Angle and Perspective.

Karol Korzekwa, Agnieszka Bisak, Tomasz Lepionka, Oliwia Obuch-Woszczatyńska, Klaudia Bylińska, Agnieszka Kauc, Katarzyna Skuza, Bartosz Zaborski, Małgorzata Krzyżowska

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Karol KorzekwaDepartment of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0473-8515
Agnieszka BisakMunicipal Water and Sewerage Company of Warsaw, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
Tomasz LepionkaBiological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4174-6776
Oliwia Obuch-WoszczatyńskaParasitology Laboratory, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.
Klaudia BylińskaParasitology Laboratory, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.
Agnieszka KaucDepartment of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.
Katarzyna SkuzaBiological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4152-9368
Bartosz ZaborskiMunicipal Water and Sewerage Company of Warsaw, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.
Małgorzata KrzyżowskaDepartment of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8409-3974

Funding

Ministry of National Defence 357/2021/DA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Municipal wastewater catchments are significant sources of symbiotic, opportunistic, and drug-resistant bacteria that can acquire or enhance their resistance. This "re-emergence of threats" presents a serious public health issue, especially during crisis conditions (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to propose a sampling algorithm, identify strategically important sites within the wastewater catchment, expand the range of bacterial indicators, and rapidly confirm potential threats using in vitro diagnostics in both raw and treated sewage. A parallel objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of sequencing methods in pre-epidemic studies. The research was conducted as part of a long-term surveillance program at transportation hubs, healthcare facilities, residential complexes, and wastewater treatment plants in Warsaw, Poland. Total nucleic acid (TNA) was isolated from samples, amplified using qPCR kits, and selected samples underwent next-generation sequencing. In raw sewage, the most frequently detected regions included sequences complementary to the bacterial

Indexed as

drug-resistant bacteriaenvironmental hygienepre-epidemic counteractionspreventionpublic healthwastewater-based epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID42795650
PMCPMC13609701

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.