ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Predictive Factors for Acute and Late Genitourinary and Gastrointestinal Toxicity Following Modern Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review of Clinical, Dosimetric, Immunological, and Genetic Determinants.
Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite advances in prostate cancer (PC) radiotherapy, including intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities remain important complications. Identifying reliable predictors is essential for personalized treatment.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to summarize current evidence on clinical, dosimetric, immunological, and genetic predictors of acute and late GU and GI toxicities after PC radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND
methodsA structured literature review of studies published between 2000 and 2026 was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Europe PMC. Eligible studies included clinical investigations, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and reviews assessing toxicity according to RTOG and/or CTCAE criteria.
resultsGU toxicity was associated with pretreatment International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), large prostate volume, prior TURP, smoking, alpha-blocker use, and bladder/urethral dose. GI toxicity correlated with rectal dose-volume parameters, anorectal irradiation, anticoagulant therapy, and cardiovascular comorbidities. Acute grade ≥ 2 toxicity predicts late toxicity. Preliminary data from small single-center cohorts associate elevated IL-6, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and systemic immune-inflammation index with higher toxicity risk, and higher lymphocyte counts with lower risk; these findings require prospective validation. The PROSTOX radiogenomic signature is promising for the prediction of late GU toxicity but still requires independent external validation in larger, ethnically diverse cohorts with longer follow-up, and is not currently suitable for routine clinical decision-making.
conclusionsGU and GI toxicities have distinct predictive profiles. Integrating clinical, dosimetric, immunological, and genetic factors may improve personalized radiotherapy, although prospective multicenter validation remains necessary.
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