ArticleCancers2026
Prognostic Value of Masseter Muscle Index, Masseter Radiodensity, and the Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index in Laryngeal Carcinoma Treated with Definitive Radiotherapy.
Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThis retrospective study evaluated pretreatment masseter muscle index (MMI), masseter radiodensity (HUAC), and Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index (GINI) as prognostic markers in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy.
methodsMMI and HUAC were measured on simulation computed tomography, and GINI was calculated from pretreatment laboratory values. Biomarkers were analyzed continuously using Firth penalized Cox models adjusted for age, performance status, tumor site, and T and N categories. Nonlinearity was assessed using restricted cubic splines. Joint models and multiple imputation assessed robustness. HUAC associations were assessed over time. Exploratory cutoffs were derived using censoring-aware three-year time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis, with radiotherapy initiation as time zero.
resultsAmong 146 patients, 30 died and 48 experienced progression or death; GINI was available in 116. Each standard-deviation decrease in MMI was associated with worse overall survival (OS; adjusted hazard ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.05;
conclusionsLower MMI showed the most consistent prognostic association. This initial evaluation of GINI in laryngeal cancer supports further investigation of its prognostic potential. HUAC findings and cohort-derived cutoffs remain exploratory and require external validation.
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