6PPDQ Promotes Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth with PI3K-Akt/MMP9 Activation: Evidence from Integrated Network Toxicology and Experimental Investigation.

Dekun Song, Yulu Chen, Yue Wu, Yuhao Wu, Lunhui Chang, Xuan Liu, Xiaoxiang Xu, Guorong Yan, Guolong Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dekun SongDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Yulu ChenDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Yue WuSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5225-637X

Yuhao WuDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Lunhui ChangDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Xuan LiuDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Xiaoxiang XuSkin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1043-0640

Guorong YanDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Guolong ZhangDepartment of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC2508200National Natural Science Foundation of China 82272761National Natural Science Foundation of China 82303576

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its transformation product 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ) are emerging tire-derived environmental contaminants, showing a potential tumor-promoting effect. However, their relevance to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remains unclear. Here, we used network toxicology and experimental validation to investigate their potential involvement in cSCC progression. A total of 91 candidate genes were identified, and enrichment analysis revealed their participation in oxidative stress response, epithelial proliferation, extracellular matrix degradation, and oncogenic pathways, including PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and IL-17 pathways. Machine learning identified six hub genes:

Indexed as

Cutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaMatrix Metalloproteinase 9Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktSkin NeoplasmsAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMiceMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular Dynamics SimulationSignal TransductionTumor MicroenvironmentMatrix Metalloproteinase 9MMP9 protein, humanPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt6PPD6PPDQcutaneous squamous cell carcinomamachine learningmolecular dockingmolecular dynamics simulationnetwork toxicology

Identifiers

PMID42794731

DOI10.3390/ijms27188304

PMCPMC13607494

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.