ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
From Fabrication to Function: Scalable Spray-Assisted Layer-by-Layer Films for Drug Delivery in Glaucoma.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Glaucoma drainage device (GDD) surgery is frequently limited by postoperative fibroblast proliferation, leading to device failure and the need for revision procedures. In this work, we developed a spray-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) drug delivery system for GDD surfaces intended to enable localized release of antiproliferative agents, as a proof-of-concept approach toward more standardized patient care. Multilayer thin films composed of poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) and a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) complex (5-FU:β-CD) were fabricated, without (type A films) and with (type B films) graphene oxide (GO) barrier layers. Film growth was monitored by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy (VUV), confirming consistent, sequential deposition; type A films exhibited lower variability than GO-containing type B films. Drug release studies revealed a rapid burst release within the first 5 min, followed by a plateau, regardless of GO incorporation, indicating that sustained drug release was not achieved under the current film architecture. Cell cycle analysis confirmed that β-CD complexation preserved the biological activity of 5-FU, which induced an S-phase arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Although further optimization of film architecture and composition is required to improve release control and achieve sustained delivery, this study demonstrates the feasibility of spray-assisted LbL coatings as a localized drug delivery strategy for GDD surfaces. Overall, these findings support the proof-of-concept nature of this approach and identify key parameters that must be optimized before translational applicability can be established.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.