ReviewGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Programming Hydrogel Release Kinetics to Tissue Healing Phases: From Network Design to Therapeutic Synchronization.
Review in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The sequential phases of tissue healing-inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling-demand distinct pharmacokinetic profiles that conventional drug delivery systems fail to provide, creating a "chronotherapy gap" that contributes to chronic wound pathologies. Hydrogels, with their highly tunable network structures, offer a unique platform to program release kinetics in synchrony with these healing timelines. This review systematically examines design strategies for phase-synchronized hydrogel systems, categorized into three hierarchical paradigms: intrinsic network control (crosslinking density, degradation kinetics, and architectural engineering) that pre-programs release profiles; extrinsic/responsive control (endogenous pH/ROS/MMP/glucose and exogenous NIR/ultrasound/electro/magnetic triggers) that enables on-demand phase-shifting; and integrated systems that combine passive spatial compartmentalization with active responsiveness. We survey representative applications across cutaneous wounds, bone defects, cartilage, tendon, myocardial, and neural tissues, highlighting both common design principles and tissue-specific adaptations. Key translational bottlenecks-including in vivo-in vitro discrepancies, cargo stability, sterilization challenges, and regulatory complexity-are critically examined, alongside emerging frontiers such as closed-loop biosensing, artificial intelligence-driven design, and four-dimensional printing. We conclude that the field is evolving from passive drug depots toward active therapeutic synchronizers, where material programming is set to the body's biological clock, offering a transformative paradigm for regenerative medicine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42794355What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.