ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Post-Synthetic Surface Quaternization of Agarose Cryogels: Optimizing Structural Integrity and Broad-Spectrum Growth Inhibition.
Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Agarose is a promising biopolymer for wound healing due to its biocompatibility and ability to form stable macroporous cryogels. However, its bioinert nature limits its antibacterial functionality, while conventional chemical modification can disrupt its macroporous architecture and mechanical integrity. Here, we present a versatile post-synthetic heterogeneous surface quaternization strategy to transform prefabricated agarose cryogels into surface-modified agarose cryogels (SMACs) with contact-active antibacterial functionality while preserving their interconnected supermacroporous architecture. Using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) in an alkaline environment, quaternary ammonium moieties were covalently immobilized onto the agarose surface. A multivariable optimization approach examining reaction time, temperature, and scaffold concentration yielded surface quaternization values (DS
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