Differential Expressions Between Colostrum and Mature Milk in Primiparous Holstein Cows with Integrations of Lipidomic and Proteomics.

Hao Wu, Peng Wang, Pengyun Ji, Yukun Song, Xiangshu Piao, Lu Zhang, Bingyuan Wang, Guoshi Liu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hao WuNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0336-0955

Peng WangNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0009-0005-4897-3607

Pengyun JiNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

Yukun SongBeijing Jingwa Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 101206, China.

Xiangshu PiaoNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

Lu ZhangNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5318-948X

Bingyuan WangNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0970-8024

Guoshi LiuNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agricultural, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5688-3645

Funding

Beijing Municipal Commission of Science and Technology Z231100003723008Biological Breeding-Major Projects in National Science and Technology 2023ZD04049Livestock Industry System Innovation Team of Beijing City BAIC05-2026

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the current study, by integrating the analyses of lipidomics and proteomics, the compositional differences between colostrum and mature milk of Holstein cows were systematically investigated. We have identified a total of 1863 lipid metabolites and 1690 proteins. A small portion of them were highly differentiated between colostrum and mature milk. Among them, 23 highly differentiated lipid metabolites and 17 proteins were screened to run correlation analysis. The results showed that they are highly correlated; therefore, they could serve as biomarkers to distinguish colostrum from mature milk. Furthermore, among lipid metabolites, triacylglycerol (TG) (10:0_11:0_12:0) and sphingomyelin (SM) (20:0;2O/44:11) were identified as key regulatory molecules in glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingomyelin metabolism. In proteins, cadherin 3 (CDH3) protein and alpha-S1-casein (CSN1S1) protein have been identified as potentially important characteristic proteins. In addition, the level of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) in colostrum was two-fold lower than that in mature milk and its level strongly correlated with several differentiated metabolites and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related proteins, including isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), aconitase 1 (ACO1), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD). This indicates that α-KG is one of the most important differential molecules to determine the compositions of colostrum and mature milk. These findings provide molecular basis for understanding the nutritional value and the regulatory mechanisms related to the compositions of colostrum and mature milk.

Indexed as

integrated analysislipidomicsprimiparous Holstein cowsproteomicsα-ketoglutarate

Identifiers

PMID42793970

DOI10.3390/foods15183184

PMCPMC13605183

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.