ReviewBiomedicines2026
Size-Transformable Nanoparticles for Tumor Drug Delivery: Distinct Roles of Shrinkage, Enlargement, and Reassembly.
Review in Biomedicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although fixed-size nanoparticles have achieved substantial therapeutic success, a single fixed size may not be optimal for the competing requirements of stability in circulation, tumor accumulation, deep tumor penetration, cellular uptake, and intra-tumoral retention. This review frames this fixed-property limitation as the need to switch structural states in response to successive biological barriers and analyzes original research articles published from 2021 to 2025 on large-to-small transformation, small-to-large transformation and assembly, or multistage assembly-disassembly-reassembly. Rather than treating the stimulus or material as an analytical endpoint, the framework maps each pre-, intermediate-, and post-transition state to its biological site and barrier-specific functions. Direction, intermediate structure, site, sequence, and the temporal characteristics were evaluated together with coupled changes in charge, morphology, stiffness, and surface interactions. Large-to-small transformations generally shift the carrier function from tumor accumulation to penetration or uptake, whereas small-to-large transformations support retention, depot formation, or organelle-localized activity. Multistage systems assign distinct functions to the sequential structural states. However, direct in vivo structural evidence and physiologically relevant kinetic measurements have been limited. Future designs should, therefore, verify that the required structure forms at the intended site and time, and directly connect structural transitions with delivery and therapeutic functions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.