ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026
A Higher Burden of Abnormal Antioxidant-, Nutritional-, and Inflammation-Related Biomarkers Is Associated with Shoulder-Hand Syndrome, Hand Edema, and Short-Term Upper-Limb Outcomes During Stroke Rehabilitation.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome and hand edema can complicate inpatient rehabilitation and may reflect interactions between antioxidant, nutritional, inflammatory, and neuro-musculoskeletal factors. This single-center retrospective cohort study included 453 adults admitted for inpatient rehabilitation within 60 days after a first-ever unilateral ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2025. The primary exposure was the number of abnormal antioxidant-, nutritional-, and inflammation-related biomarkers, defined as serum zinc <70 µg/dL, albumin <3.5 g/dL, C-reactive protein ≥1.0 mg/dL, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥3.0. The primary outcome was shoulder-hand syndrome or clinically significant hand edema during inpatient rehabilitation. In multivariable logistic regression with robust standard errors, each 1-unit increase in the number of abnormal biomarkers was associated with higher odds of the primary composite outcome (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-1.77;
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