ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Effects of Exercise-Based Interventions on Self-Reported Sleep Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effects of exercise-based interventions on self-reported sleep outcomes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to assess the certainty of the available evidence.
methodsPubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from inception to 17 August 2026. The review protocol was registered with INPLASY (INPLASY202480029). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 1). Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using Hedges'
resultsFifteen randomized controlled trials involving 696 participants were included. Exercise-based interventions were associated with improved self-reported sleep outcomes (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.28 to -0.23;
conclusionsExercise-based interventions may improve self-reported sleep outcomes in patients with PD, but the certainty of evidence is very low, and substantial unexplained heterogeneity limits the precision and clinical interpretability of the pooled estimate. Current evidence is insufficient to identify an optimal exercise prescription. Future adequately powered trials should incorporate standardized exercise reporting and objective sleep assessments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.