Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42791866›Full record

ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Repeatability of Phoneme-Guided Versus Conventional Acquisition of Smiling and Rest-Related Facial States Using 3D Stereophotogrammetry: A Within-Participant Study.

Weijing Dang, Liang Lyu, Yong Shen, Ji Wang, Yi Yu, Qirui Wang, Mingjin Zhang, Jiajia Zheng, Dawei Liu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Weijing DangDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Liang LyuDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2681-8092
Yong ShenNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China.
Ji WangDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Yi YuDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Qirui WangDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Mingjin ZhangDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Jiajia ZhengNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3987-6723
Dawei LiuDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7625-4600

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation L222116China Oral Health Foundation A2021057National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271009National Natural Science Foundation of China 82571132Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology PKUSS-NCRI-24B02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Repeatable acquisition of smiling and rest-related facial states is essential for longitudinal three-dimensional (3D) facial imaging, yet the effect of task instructions may depend on the state and measurement. This within-participant study compared conventional (CONV) and state-specific phoneme-guided (PHON) acquisition in 162 adults. For SMILE, CONV elicited a posed smile, whereas PHON used /tʃ/ articulation followed by maintenance of the resulting perioral configuration; for the REST-related condition, CONV elicited relaxed rest, whereas PHON used sustained /m/ to define a closed-lip reference configuration rather than unconstrained physiological rest. Each protocol-state condition was recorded twice. Within-session repeatability was characterized by absolute error between repeated acquisitions, technical error of measurement, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(2,1)], and Bland-Altman agreement. State-specific protocol differences were assessed using paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Holm correction. During SMILE, PHON reduced median error for the 3D Sn-Gn distance (3.79 vs. 2.36 mm), interlabial distance (3.48 vs. 1.84 mm), and sagittal lip step (1.33 vs. 0.66 mm; adjusted

Indexed as

acquisition standardizationdigital orthodonticsphoneme-guided acquisitionrepeatabilitystereophotogrammetrythree-dimensional facial imaging

Identifiers

PMID42791866
PMCPMC13603687

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.