ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Five Domains, Multiple Realities: A Multidimensional Analysis of Equine Welfare in Equestrian Events in Brazil.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Welfare assessments at traditional equestrian events in Brazil are scarce. This study aimed to systematize and stratify assessments based on the Five Domains (5DMs) model into subdomains (sDMs) for vaquejada and gait events and to adapt them to reflect local conditions and resource availability. Subsequently, the sDMs were classified and scored on a 5-level scale (1 to 5, where 1 = very poor and 5 = excellent), and assessments were conducted at three vaquejada and five gaited horse competitions. Assessments took place during morning, afternoon, and evening periods over two or more days and were carried out by previously trained evaluators. Overall, results indicated that the level of animal welfare was good or excellent across all five domains. Regarding the health domain, 2.8% of the animals were classified at "very poor" or "poor" levels due to a higher incidence of compromised sDMs. Analysis of the sDM results stratified by event revealed a higher frequency of scores below "fair" in the health domain (
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