ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Comparison of Radiographic Outcomes Between TPLO + TTT and CTWO + TTT in Dogs with Concurrent Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Medial Patellar Luxation.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture frequently occurs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) in small-breed dogs, and both conditions may be corrected during surgery using a proximal tibial osteotomy-tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) or cranial tibial wedge osteotomy (CTWO)-combined with tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT). Because these osteotomies differ in patellar ligament displacement, they may interact differently with TTT. We retrospectively compared TPLO + TTT and CTWO + TTT in 20 stifles from 18 small-breed dogs. Tibial length was quantified using a normalized effective tibial length (NEL) referenced to the tibial mechanical axis, and patellar position was assessed using the Guénégo-Verwaerde index (GVI). Both outcomes were expressed as the within-limb relative changes to reduce the influence of positioning differences. NEL changed by -5.65 ± 1.29% after CTWO + TTT and -0.98 ± 0.93% after TPLO + TTT, with non-overlapping ranges in this sample. Postoperative GVI decreased in all 10 CTWO + TTT stifles (mean -14.6%) but was unchanged after TPLO + TTT (+1.7%,
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