ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Acute Heat Stress Remodels Mitochondrial Ultrastructure and Time-Dependent Transcriptomic Landscapes in Bovine Granulosa Cells.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Heat stress is a critical environmental factor that compromises reproductive performance in dairy cattle, primarily through deleterious effects on ovarian follicular cells. Granulosa cells (GCs), which provide essential nutritional and hormonal support for oocyte maturation, are particularly vulnerable to hyperthermic insult. However, the early molecular and subcellular events that precede overt cellular dysfunction remain inadequately characterized. This study aimed to investigate the temporal dynamics of mitochondrial morphological alterations and transcriptomic reprogramming in bovine GCs subjected to acute in vitro heat stress. Bovine GCs were exposed to 43 °C for 10, 20, 30, or 40 min, with untreated cells serving as controls. Heat shock protein expression (HSP90 and HSPA1A) was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Intracellular calcium concentration was measured using the Fluo-3 AM fluorescent probe. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was examined via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Global transcriptional changes were profiled by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) at 20 and 40 min post-treatment, followed by bioinformatics analysis. Nine selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated by qRT-PCR. HSP90 and HSPA1A expression was significantly upregulated at 30 and 40 min of heat exposure (
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