ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Evaluation of Daily Behavioral Patterns and Locomotor Activity in Holstein Dairy Cattle Under Different Physiological Stages and Management Factors.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Precision livestock technologies play a critical role in determining animal behavior and welfare. This study aimed to determine the effects of physiological stage, parity, lactation number, and milking frequency on the locomotor, resting, and inactive time behaviors of Holstein dairy cows. The behavioral data and step counts of the animals were continuously recorded using neck collars and foot pedometers, and a total of 8698 raw daily cow-level behavioral records were analyzed. In the statistical model, the days in milk and daily milk yield were included as fixed effects. Heifers and dry cows showed greater similarity in behavioral duration than primiparous and multiparous cows. There were highly significant differences between the groups in terms of rumination, lying, standing duration, and number of steps (
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