ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Genetic Structure and Selection Signals in Hetian Gray Donkeys and Xinjiang Donkeys from Xinjiang, China.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Hetian Gray Donkeys (China_HTQD) and Xinjiang Donkeys (China_XJD) are representative local donkey breeds in Xinjiang, China, that show significant differences in production phenotypes, such as body size and coat color. However, their genetic background and the molecular mechanisms influenced by artificial selection have not been systematically elucidated. This study integrated whole-genome data from 60 newly sequenced China_HTQD and China_XJD individuals, along with 155 global reference datasets from the NCBI database, to construct a modern donkey whole-genome variation set covering domestic and overseas populations (including Africa, West and Central Asia, and Europe). The results of genetic diversity analysis indicated that China_XJD has slightly higher genetic diversity than China_HTQD, while the China reference population (China_Ref) and European population (Europe) have the lowest genetic diversity. China_HTQD and China_XJD have greater genetic variation. Both PCA and NJ phylogenetic analyses showed that China_HTQD and China_XJD are genetically very close, clustering within the Chinese donkey population background, and exhibit clear geographic genetic isolation from overseas reference populations. ADMIXTURE analysis (with K = 2 showing the lowest cross-validation error) revealed that the two breeds share a highly similar genetic structure, with only minor differences in the proportions of specific ancestral components, while both are distinctly different from the other four reference populations. A whole-genome differentiation scan (
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