ArticleClinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico2026
Immunochemotherapy response and its association with gut microbiota and immune profiles in advanced gastric cancer.
Article in Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate efficacy/safety/survival of PD‑1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer, and analyze early changes in immune cells and gut bacteria (Lactobacillus, E. coli, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus) and their association with response.
methodsProspective cohort (n = 100). Responders (CR/PR/SD, n = 74) vs non‑responders (PD, n = 26) by RECIST version 1.1. Immune and bacterial levels at baseline and post‑treatment. Logistic regression and ROC.
resultsORR = 36.0%, DCR = 74.0%. Median follow‑up = 8.0 mo; PFS = 11.0 mo. Responders had longer PFS (11.73 vs 2.00 months) and OS (15.00 vs 8.00 months), both P = 0.001. AEs occurred in 42% of patients (grade 1‑3) and were tolerable; KPS and QoL improved in 57 patients. No baseline differences. Post‑treatment, responders showed increased levels of CD3⁺ T, CD4⁺ T, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, Th1/Th2, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium, and decreased levels of CD8⁺ T, NK, Treg, E. coli, and Enterococcus. (all P < 0.05); non‑responders showed only mild increases in Th1/Th2, Lactobacillus, and E. coli. Between groups, responders had higher levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, Th1/Th2, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium, and lower levels of NK, E. coli, and Enterococcus. Regression identified CD3⁺ T, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, Th1/Th2, and NK as independent factors; ROC highest AUC = 0.870 (NK).
conclusionImmunochemotherapy effective, well‑tolerated, improves survival and QoL. Early immune/microbiota changes associate with benefit. CD3⁺ T, CD4⁺/CD8⁺, Th1/Th2, NK may serve as correlative markers for early response discrimination, but not pre‑treatment predictors due to no baseline differences and limited bacterial data, yet they are useful for efficacy assessment.
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