Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42789303›Full record

ArticleGlobal health action2026

Strategic health policy and health system resilience in protracted crisis settings: policymaker perspectives from Yemen.

Dalia Hyzam, Taha Al-Mahbashi, Fekri Dureab, Timo Ulrichs

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Article in Global health action, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 authors.

Dalia HyzamInstitute for Research in International Assistance (IRIA), Akkon University, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9960-096X
Taha Al-MahbashiFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Razi University, Sana'a, Yemen.ORCID 0000-0002-5985-1833
Fekri DureabDepartment of Healthcare Management, College of Business, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar.ORCID 0000-0002-8414-4129
Timo UlrichsInstitute for Research in International Assistance (IRIA), Akkon University, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8123-6714

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHealth system resilience is often described through the World Health Organization building blocks, yet in protracted crises it depends on whether governance, financing, workforce, information systems, service delivery, and accountability can convert crisis response into institutional reform. OBJECTIVE(S): This study examines how far Yemen's health system responses to prolonged conflict, economic decline, disease outbreaks, and COVID-19 progressed beyond absorptive and adaptive resilience toward transformative resilience, and how strategic health policy across the building blocks shaped this transition.

methodsWe conducted 30 in-depth interviews with national and subnational policymakers and health leaders in Yemen between May and July 2025. Data were analysed in ATLAS.ti 25 using framework-informed thematic analysis that combined a priori categories from the World Health Organization health system building blocks and resilience capacities with inductively developed empirical codes.

resultsYemen demonstrated externally buffered absorptive capacity sufficient to prevent complete system collapse, together with uneven and localised adaptation through crisis committees, donor-supported financing, temporary workforce mobilisation, intensified surveillance, oxygen and isolation capacity, and referral workarounds. However, these responses were largely reactive, donor-dependent, and unevenly institutionalised. Transformative resilience remained constrained by fragmented authority, under-protected recurrent financing, workforce instability, weak data-to-decision pathways, limited referral governance, and the absence of formal learning-to-reform mechanisms.

conclusionsYemen's experience shows that resilience in protracted crisis settings should be judged not only by the survival of repeated shocks, but by whether absorptive and adaptive gains are converted into institutional capability through strategic policy alignment across the health system.

Indexed as

COVID-19Delivery of Health CareHealth PolicyCapacity BuildingEconomic RecessionHumansInterviews as TopicPublic Health InfrastructureYemendonor dependenceemergency financingInstitutional learningreferral governanceservice continuity

Identifiers

PMID42789303
PMCPMC13618199

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