Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42789118›Full record

ArticleMikrochimica acta2026

Portable single-step ethanolamine-functionalized boron-doped diamond immunosensor for dual detection of CEA and CYFRA 21-1.

Sowmya Joshi, N Arunachalam, M S Ramachandra Rao, Swathi Sudhakar

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Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sowmya JoshiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
N ArunachalamDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India. chalam@iitm.ac.in.
M S Ramachandra RaoDepartment of Physics, Nano Functional Materials Technology Centre and Materials Science Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
Swathi SudhakarDepartment of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A single-step ethanolamine-functionalized boron-doped diamond (BDD) immunosensor for the dual detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1). Unlike conventional multi-step carbodiimide-based coupling strategies, the ethanolamine (ETA) modification provides a simplified amine-terminated surface for efficient antibody immobilization. Comprehensive characterization confirmed successful layer-by-layer assembly: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed surface morphological evolution, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Contact angle measurements and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) verified amine group integration and biomarker attachment. The platform showed concentration-dependent current responses across the range of 0.001-400 ng/mL and achieved statistically calculated limits of detection of 0.085 pg/mL for CEA and 0.043 pg/mL for CYFRA 21-1. The sensor exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility, stability, and reliable performance in spiked human serum samples with minimal matrix interference. In addition, an Arduino-based portable readout closely matched bench-top measurements, supporting the potential of the platform for point-of-care lung cancer screening.

Indexed as

Antigens, NeoplasmBiosensing TechniquesBoronCarcinoembryonic AntigenDiamondEthanolamineKeratin-19Antibodies, ImmobilizedElectrochemical TechniquesHumansImmunoassayLimit of DetectionAntibodies, Immobilizedantigen CYFRA21.1Antigens, NeoplasmBoronCarcinoembryonic AntigenDiamondEthanolamineKeratin-19Boron-doped diamondCEACYFRA 21–1Ethanolamine functionalizationImmunosensorPoint-of-care diagnostics

Identifiers

PMID42789118

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.