Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42788859›Full record

Trial reportScandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports2026

Bicarbonate and Carbohydrate Co-Ingestion During Exercise in a Novel Gel Format Improves Time-Trial Performance After 3 h of Moderate-Intensity Exercise in Trained Cyclists.

Bernardo R Norte, Alex Hickman, Antonio Muñoz Megias, Erick Mosquera-Lopez, Stéphane Bermon, Frédéric Garrandes, Paolo E Adami, Kelsie O Johnson, Elizabeth Mahon, Sam O Shepherd and 2 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Bernardo R NorteResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0651-2010
Alex HickmanResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8445-2854
Antonio Muñoz MegiasResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5544-9247
Erick Mosquera-LopezResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-0352
Stéphane BermonHealth and Science Department, World Athletics, Monaco, Monaco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9529-2901
Frédéric GarrandesHealth and Science Department, World Athletics, Monaco, Monaco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7051-7020
Paolo E AdamiHealth and Science Department, World Athletics, Monaco, Monaco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5975-5342
Kelsie O JohnsonResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7395-5129
Elizabeth MahonResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-0220
Sam O ShepherdPrecision Fuel & Hydration, Ltd, Christchurch, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6292-1356
Juliette A StraussResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-2494
Julien B LouisResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-0958

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sodium bicarbonate (SB) ingestion may improve high-intensity exercise performance in efforts that range from 1 to 60 min; however, to date, no studies have investigated the effects of SB supplementation during exercise, nor its potential to attenuate the fatigue-induced decline in parameters of the power-duration curve during prolonged exercise (i.e., durability). This study examined the effects of bicarbonate (BI) and carbohydrate (CHO) co-ingestion via a novel gel format during exercise on subsequent sprint and time-trial (TT) performance in cyclists. Eleven trained cyclists took part in this randomized, crossover study. Following one visit to establish a non-fatigued power profile (3 × 6-s sprints, 2-min TT and 12-min TT cycling performance), participants completed two experimental trials consisting of 3 h cycling at 95% gas exchange threshold and ingested CHO at a rate of 80 g·h

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceBicarbonatesBicyclingDietary CarbohydratesSodium BicarbonateAdultCross-Over StudiesDietary SupplementsGelsHumansMaleOxygen ConsumptionPotassium CompoundsYoung AdultBicarbonatesDietary CarbohydratesGelspotassium bicarbonatePotassium CompoundsSodium Bicarbonateacid–base balancedurabilityenduranceergogenic aidfatigue resistancenutritionphysiological resiliencepower‐duration relationship

Identifiers

PMID42788859
PMCPMC13614109

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.