ArticleJournal of experimental orthopaedics2026
Pre-operative radiological grading and inflammatory mediators as candidate biomarkers of early joint degeneration in patients with femoroacetabular impingement.
Article in Journal of experimental orthopaedics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to identify potential biomarkers of pre-arthritic condition and early osteoarthritis (OA) in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), by analysing clinical data and quantifying inflammatory molecules, typically involved in OA pathology, in body fluids. Methods: FAI patients undergoing hip arthroscopy were enroled after providing written informed consent. Demographic data (age, sex, body mass index [BMI]) were collected, together with radiographic grading of hip degeneration (Tönnis scale) and intra-articular pathology grading (Outerbridge classification). Cartilage degradation markers and immunomodulating molecules were quantified by commercially available sandwich-enzyme-linked assay and multiplex bead-based sandwich immunoassay kits. Results: Forty-nine patients were enroled, 38 synovial fluids (SFs) and urine samples were available. Median age 32 years ± 8.35 standard deviation (SD); median BMI 24 kg/m Conclusions: A higher BMI was associated with increased CTX-II in both body fluids, suggesting a potential link between metabolic status and early cartilage degradation in FAI patients. Radiographic and intraoperative indicators of joint degeneration were also associated with selected synovial biomarkers (CTX-II, VEGF, IL-6, IL-8). These findings suggest that synovial and urinary biomarkers may represent candidate markers of early joint degeneration in FAI, useful for clinical evaluation of FAI patients at risk of progression toward OA. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series with no comparison group.
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