Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42787865›Full record

ArticleIDCases2026

Pneumococcal meningitis caused by non-vaccine serotype 34 after vaccination with the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in a child with inner ear malformations and bilateral cochlear implants: A case report.

Yuji Maruo, Hiroki Shimomura, Satoshi Hirakawa, Yoshinori Omori, Atsuo Togashi, Nobuhisa Ishiguro, Kenichi Takano, Satoshi Yakuwa, Bin Chang, Shigeru Suga

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IDCases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yuji MaruoDepartment of Pediatrics, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, South 14 West 10-1, Obihiro, 080-0024, Japan.
Hiroki ShimomuraDepartment of Pediatrics, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, South 14 West 10-1, Obihiro, 080-0024, Japan.
Satoshi HirakawaDepartment of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
Yoshinori OmoriDepartment of Pediatrics, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, South 14 West 10-1, Obihiro, 080-0024, Japan.
Atsuo TogashiDepartment of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan.
Nobuhisa IshiguroDepartment of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
Kenichi TakanoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
Satoshi YakuwaDepartment of Pediatrics, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, South 14 West 10-1, Obihiro, 080-0024, Japan.
Bin ChangDepartment of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
Shigeru SugaNational Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, 357 Osato-Kubota, Tsu, Mie, 514-0125, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have reduced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children, infections caused by non-vaccine serotypes remain a significant clinical concern. Children with congenital inner ear malformations and cochlear implants (CIs) face an elevated risk of bacterial meningitis, due to potential abnormal communication between the inner ear and subarachnoid space. We report a case of pneumococcal meningitis caused by the non-vaccine serotype 34 in a child with bilateral CIs, who had completed the recommended pneumococcal vaccine schedule. A 2-year-old boy with bilateral congenital sensorineural hearing loss, secondary to a right common cavity and left cochlear hypoplasia type I, underwent bilateral cochlear implantation. Intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage was observed during both implantation procedures. His immunization history was up to date and included both the 13-valent and 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV13 and PCV20). He presented with fever, vomiting, and lethargy. CSF examination revealed marked neutrophilic pleocytosis, and a multiplex meningitis/encephalitis polymerase chain reaction assay detected

Indexed as

Cochlear implantInner ear malformationNon-vaccine serotypePneumococcal meningitisSerotype 34Streptococcus pneumoniae

Identifiers

PMID42787865
PMCPMC13602218

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.