ArticleActa veterinaria Scandinavica2026
Preliminary in vitro effects of trehalose, pentoxifylline and MitoTEMPO on post-thaw quality of ram semen.
Article in Acta veterinaria Scandinavica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRam semen cryopreservation is associated with reduced post-thaw sperm quality, partly due to membrane destabilization and oxidative stress. This preliminary in vitro study compared trehalose, low-dose pentoxifylline, and MitoTEMPO, used individually or in combination, as additives for ram semen cryopreservation. Semen collected from six healthy Merino rams during the breeding season was pooled on each collection day and divided into eight treatment groups: control, trehalose (50 mM), pentoxifylline (0.25 or 0.5 µM), MitoTEMPO (0.025 or 0.05 mM), and two MitoTEMPO plus pentoxifylline combinations. This procedure produced eight pooled ejaculates per treatment group. After freezing and thawing, sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, capacitation status, total antioxidant capacity, and total oxidant status were evaluated.
resultsTrehalose and pentoxifylline at 0.5 µM significantly improved several post-thaw sperm quality traits. Compared with the control group, trehalose significantly increased post-thaw motility from 31.25 ± 4.43% to 42.50 ± 5.35%, plasma membrane integrity from 53.78 ± 2.47% to 65.29 ± 4.14%, and acrosome integrity from 54.66 ± 4.41% to 69.69 ± 1.48% (P < 0.05). Pentoxifylline at 0.5 µM also resulted in higher motility (40.63 ± 4.96%), plasma membrane integrity (64.24 ± 2.09%), and acrosome integrity (64.56 ± 2.69%) than the control group (P < 0.05). The overall treatment effect was significant for total oxidant status (P = 0.037) and total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001). However, Sidak-adjusted pairwise comparisons did not identify significant differences between individual treatment groups for total oxidant status. MitoTEMPO alone did not significantly improve the main post-thaw sperm quality traits compared with the control group, and the MitoTEMPO plus pentoxifylline combinations did not provide a significant additional benefit. Capacitation status did not differ significantly among groups (P = 0.178).
conclusionsTrehalose and pentoxifylline at 0.5 µM improved several in vitro post-thaw sperm quality traits and total antioxidant capacity of cryopreserved ram semen. Because the study used pooled ejaculates and did not include fertility trials, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary and require confirmation using individual ejaculates, objective sperm motion analysis, and fertility outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.