Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42786450›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2026

Testing the impact of family-based intervention to improve developmental and health outcomes for female adolescents: study protocol for a cluster-randomized clinical trial in Ghana.

Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Adolphina Addo-Lartey, Abdallah Ibrahim, Fred M Ssewamala, Torsten B Neilands, Yesim Tozan, Alice Boateng, William Byansi, Alex Dahlen, Mary M McKay

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07278934 (Testing the Impact of Family-Based Intervention to Improve Developmental and Health Outcomes for Female Adolescents), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07278934 narecruitingnot on this map

Testing the Impact of Family-Based Intervention to Improve Developmental and Health Outcomes for Female Adolescents

TypeinterventionalSponsorNew York UniversityRan2026 to 2030Enrolled1,920ConditionsUnaccompanied MigrationArmsANZANSI Family Program
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ozge Sensoy BaharSilver School of Social Work, New York University, 708 Broadway, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA. osb208@nyu.edu.
Adolphina Addo-LarteySchool of Public Health, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG419, Accra, Ghana.
Abdallah IbrahimSchool of Public Health, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG419, Accra, Ghana.
Fred M SsewamalaSilver School of Social Work, New York University, 708 Broadway, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
Torsten B NeilandsDivision of Prevention Sciences, Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Yesim TozanSchool of Global Public Health, New York University, 708 Broadway, New York, NY, USA.
Alice BoatengRockford University, 5050 East State Street, Rockford, IL, USA.
William ByansiBoston College, School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, Boston, MA, USA.
Alex DahlenSchool of Global Public Health, New York University, 708 Broadway, New York, NY, USA.
Mary M McKayProvost Office, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe International Labor Organization estimates that 9.6% of children (ages 5 to 17) across the globe are child laborers and draws attention to migrant child laborers as an underreported and highly vulnerable group, a significant portion of which are female with no education. Poverty has been identified as the main driver of child labor, with family context also being a critical contributing factor. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest rates of child labor (24%), with Ghana -the focus of this study- registering one of the highest child labor prevalence at 22%, including unaccompanied child migrant laborers. In Ghana, unaccompanied adolescent girls migrate from the Northern region to urban centers in the south to work in the informal economy. Load carrying is the most common type of labor for this population and exposes migrant girls to multiple developmental and health risks. Hence, theory-informed evidence-based interventions are needed to prevent the unaccompanied migration of adolescent girls for labor.

methodsA two-arm cluster randomized clinical trial will be conducted among 960 adolescent girls (age 11 to 14 years) at risk of school dropout nested within 32 public junior high schools in the Northern region of Ghana and their caregivers. The schools will be randomly assigned to one of two study conditions: 1) ANZANSI combination intervention and 2) bolstered usual care. The intervention will be delivered for 12 months, with assessments conducted at baseline and at 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-ups post-intervention initiation. DISCUSSION: By evaluating a rigorously designed combination intervention, this study aims to generate robust evidence on approaches that can more effectively reduce migration risk and associated child labor. Ultimately, this research has the potential to provide meaningful, actionable guidance for policies and programs seeking to reduce adolescent girls' vulnerability to labor migration, strengthen families' financial stability, and improve long-term educational and developmental outcomes. Given that many developing countries in Africa and other low-resource settings continue to grapple with persistent child labor challenges, the study findings may inform scalable, multi-level strategies to prevent adolescent girls' migration for child labor.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT07278934, registered 12/06/2025.

Indexed as

Adolescent DevelopmentChild LaborTransients and MigrantsAdolescentChildFemaleGhanaHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAdolescent girlsChild laborChild unaccompanied migrationClinical trialCombination interventionFamily-level interventionGhanaPrevention

Identifiers

PMID42786450
PMCPMC13602692

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