Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42786242›Full record

ReviewNature protocols2026

Tutorial: interrogating biology using organoid technologies.

Jeroen M Bugter, Simon T Schafer, Roland Rad

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jeroen M BugterInstitute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. jeroen.bugter@tum.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9920-2937
Simon T SchaferCenter for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. simon.schafer@tum.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2370-3652
Roland RadInstitute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. roland.rad@tum.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6849-9659

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) 500300695Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) RA1629/11-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) TRR167 (ID 259373024, project A11NDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) TRR274 (ID 408885537, project B6)Deutsche Krebshilfe (German Cancer Aid) DEFEAT-PDAC of the German Pancreatic Cancer Alliance no. 70117118Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research) 019.233EN.017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organoids provide a versatile platform for studying fundamental biology, complementing traditional cell culture and in vivo models. Their unique features, such as self-organization and the possibility for their precise manipulation, have enabled key discoveries in tissue homeostasis, development and disease. This tutorial presents an overview of organoid technologies and protocols across a broad spectrum of applications, from investigating cell fate decisions and cell-cell or cell-microbe interactions to the study of genetic diseases, species evolution and translational/clinical questions. By focusing on adult stem cell-derived intestinal and human pluripotent stem cell-derived brain organoids, we highlight models with distinct characteristics that together reflect the broader spectrum of organoid systems, tissue types and research contexts. For applications not supported by these models, we discuss organoids derived from other tissues. We also outline current challenges in the field and highlight emerging innovations that are promising to shape future directions.

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.