ArticlePLOS global public health2026
Supply, demand and use of economic evidence in vaccine policymaking in Africa: A scoping review.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Economic evaluation offers policy makers a valuable tool for optimizing the use scarce healthcare resources. This scoping review aims to describe the existing scientific literature on economic evaluation and budget impact analysis of vaccine interventions, and the use of economic evidence in Africa. It highlights the current landscape and the challenges in using economic data to support vaccine policy on the continent. This study adapted and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We included peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2000 and July 2025 that reported on cost and economic evaluations of vaccines administered to children and youth, or on the use of economic evidence for policy decision-making in Africa. A literature search was conducted across five electronic databases: Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search yielded 4037 articles in total after deduction of duplication. A total of 140 articles were included in the study following title, abstract screening and full text review. The review identified a sparse but growing literature of economic evaluations related to vaccine interventions in Africa. Only a handful of countries are represented in the articles published, implying a very low production of (and likely a low demand for) economic evaluation evidence. Authorship of the articles is led mostly by researchers from institutions based outside Africa, mostly in North America and Europe. Funding of studies is mostly by Gates Foundation, Gavi, PATH, Wellcome Trust and World Health Organisation. Production and use of economic evaluation for vaccine policy in Africa have been hampered by capacity limitations in both research and policy institutions on the continent. The use of the evidence in decision making is limited. In the sphere of vaccine policy, economic evaluation is still a fledging enterprise requiring more investment.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.