ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Functional Magnetic Nanoparticles and Mill Scale for Phosphorus Extraction from Contaminated Water.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Phosphorus (P) contamination in agricultural runoff is a major environmental concern due to its contribution to eutrophication and deterioration of water quality. Ortho-phosphate extraction from aqueous model systems and agricultural runoff samples was investigated using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-magnetic nanoparticles (CTAB-MNPs), sodium dodecylsulfate-magnetic nanoparticles (SDS-MNPs), and Mill scale. It was monitored using UV-visible spectroscopy based on the molybdenum blue method, while the adsorption mechanism of P on MNPs was evaluated through time-dependent studies, FTIR, zeta potential (ζ), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and FESEM-EDS. CTAB-MNPs promoted P adsorption through favorable electrostatic interactions between positively charged quaternary ammonium groups and negatively charged phosphate ions, while SDS-MNPs enhanced P uptake by improving nanoparticle dispersion, colloidal stability, and accessibility of iron oxide active sites. Time-dependent studies revealed that the adsorption kinetics followed the order SDS-MNPs > Mill Scale > CTAB-MNPs. IR, XPS, FESEM-EDS and ζ analyses confirmed the presence of adsorbed P on the surface of MNPs. The results demonstrated that P removal was also governed by inner-sphere complexation with iron oxide active sites rather than electrostatic interactions alone, highlighting the potential of surfactant-modified MNPs and Mill scale as effective materials for P extraction from agricultural runoff.
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