Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42783905›Full record

ReviewMarine drugs2026

The Host-Symbiont-Pathogen Triad in

Raul Bettencourt

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Marine drugs, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Raul BettencourtFaculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-6866-7029

Funding

European Union-FEDER AZORES 2020: ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000138Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P. by project reference UID/05634/2025 (DOI: 10.54499/UID/05634/2025)Regional Government of the Azores. Direção Regional da Ciência, Inovação e Desenvolvimento-Programa PROSCIENTIA M1.1.A/FUNC.UI&D/014/2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps sustain highly productive animal communities through chemosynthetic symbioses, among which bathymodioline mussels are prominent examples. Bathymodioline gill bacteriocytes accommodate intracellular chemosynthetic symbionts, including sulfur- and/or methane-oxidizing bacteria depending on the host species, while remaining sheltered in an epithelium continuously exposed to environmental microorganisms, creating a fundamental immunological problem: how can an innate defense system remain effective without eliminating the microbial partners on which host nutrition depends? This review examines this problem through

Indexed as

GillsHost-Pathogen InteractionsMytilidaeSymbiosisAnimalsHydrothermal VentsImmunity, InnateVibrioBathymodiolus azoricusdeep-seagill zonationhemocyteholobionthost–symbiont–pathogen triadhydrothermal ventinnate immunitypattern-recognition receptorssymbiosis

Identifiers

PMID42783905
PMCPMC13608708

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.