ArticleEuropean journal of investigation in health, psychology and education2026
Happiness, Life Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion Among University Students in Spain and Germany: Exploratory Between-Sample Comparisons.
Article in European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
University students are increasingly exposed to academic and emotional demands associated with burnout and psychological distress in contemporary higher education contexts.
objectiveThis study examined academic-context well-being indicators, multidimensional happiness and global life satisfaction among university students in Spain and Germany, as well as their associations with burnout and compassion-related variables.
methodsA quantitative, cross-sectional study with exploratory between-sample comparisons was conducted using a convenience sample of university students from both countries. Measures assessing academic-context well-being indicators, global life satisfaction, multidimensional happiness, burnout-related dimensions and compassion-related variables were administered. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, gender comparisons and exploratory between-sample observed-score comparisons using Welch's independent-samples
resultsDescriptive findings indicated positive scores on several well-being indicators alongside burnout-related strain. Global life satisfaction was positively associated with dimensions of happiness and inversely associated with burnout-related indicators. No significant gender differences were observed. After Holm adjustment, statistically significant observed-score differences between the two samples remained for 10 of the 17 indicators examined. The largest differences were observed for compassion satisfaction, ProQOL burnout and expected job satisfaction.
conclusionsThe exploratory comparisons indicated a domain-specific pattern of observed-score differences between the Spanish and German samples rather than a general well-being advantage for either group. The results highlight the relevance of promoting student well-being and addressing burnout-related strain while considering the contextual characteristics of different university settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.