ArticleJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2026
Assessing the Correlation Between Inter-Leg Ankle-Brachial Index Asymmetry and Peripheral Artery Disease Outcomes.
Article in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesPeripheral artery disease (PAD) remains underdiagnosed and suboptimally treated, with limited disease awareness and underutilization of available diagnostic strategies representing important contributing factors. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the gold-standard screening test for PAD and has been shown to correlate with limb outcomes. However, the current interpretation of ABIs does not account for clinically significant differences between legs, which may reflect asymmetric disease burden and have an impact on limb outcomes. The association between inter-leg ABI asymmetry and PAD outcomes is unclear and requires further study. Thus, we assessed the prognostic importance of a clinically significant difference in left and right ABI values (≥0.15) on limb outcomes in patients with PAD.
methodsA total of 3313 patients with PAD who received outpatient vascular care at a single institution were retrospectively analyzed. At baseline, ABIs were measured in a certified vascular laboratory by dividing the higher of the dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial artery systolic pressures in each leg by the higher brachial systolic pressure. Inter-leg ABI asymmetry was defined by an absolute difference between left and right ABI values ≥ 0.15, which has been shown to be clinically significant. The primary outcome was major adverse limb event (MALE) over 2 years of follow-up. MALE was defined as the need for vascular intervention (either open or endovascular lower extremity revascularization) or major lower extremity amputation above the ankle. The association between inter-leg ABI asymmetry and 2-year MALE was evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and ABI-defined hemodynamic severity.
resultsThe mean participant age was 58.4 years (SD 12.9), 966 (29.2%) participants were female, and the mean BMI was 28.8 kg/m
conclusionsIn this study, over 20% of patients with PAD had clinically significant inter-leg ABI asymmetry, which was independently associated with a nearly four times higher odds of 2-year MALE, including the need for revascularization and major amputation. Our results suggest that inter-leg ABI asymmetry may represent a readily available prognostic marker of adverse limb outcomes in patients with PAD. Further external validation and prospective studies are needed to determine whether incorporating inter-leg ABI asymmetry into clinical assessment improves risk stratification or clinical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.