ArticleJournal of psychopathology and clinical science2026
Nicotine use and psychoticism: A longitudinal co-twin control analysis.
Ali F Sloan, Jordan D Alexander, Jarrod M Ellingson, Daniel E Gustavson, John K Hewitt, Christian J Hopfer, William G Iacono, Matt McGue, Soo Hyun Rhee, Chandra A Reynolds and 3 more
Abstract readTwin Study
In one paragraphArticle in Journal of psychopathology and clinical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
13 authors.
Jordan D AlexanderDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota.
Jarrod M EllingsonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
Daniel E GustavsonInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder.
John K HewittInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Christian J HopferDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
William G IaconoDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota.
Matt McGueDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota.
Soo Hyun RheeInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Chandra A ReynoldsInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Scott I VriezeDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota.
Sylia WilsonInstitute of Child Development, University of Minnesota.
Jonathan D SchaeferDepartment of Psychology, Vanderbilt University.
Funding
Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development & cognitive aging (CATSLife2)R01AG046938 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI REYNOLDS, CHANDRA A, WADSWORTH, SALLY J · 2015 to 2024
$18.5MRocky Mountain Cannabis Research CenterP50DA056408 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Angela Bryan · 2023 to 2026
$14.0MThe Effects of Cannabis Legalization and Persistent Use: A Longitudinal Study of Two Twin CohortsR01DA042755 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Jarrod Martin Ellingson, SOO H RHEE · 2017 to 2026
$9.9MTwin Family Study of Vulnerability to Substance AbuseR37DA005147 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI IACONO, WILLIAM G. · 2009 to 2018
$6.4MAdolescent drinking and midlife outcomes: A prospective cotwin control studyR37AA009367 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI MCGUE, MATTHEW K. · 2016 to 2024
$5.4MUnderstanding the links between parental and adolescent substance use:complementary natural experiments using the children of twins designR01DA054087 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Matthew Charles Keller, SOO H RHEE · 2022 to 2026
$4.9MAdult Progression of Adolescent Onset Substance Use Disorder in a High Risk SampleR01DA053693 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Christian J Hopfer, Michael Craig Stallings · 2022 to 2026
$3.2MAdult consequences of youth substance use: Twin study enriched for SUD riskR01DA036216 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI IACONO, WILLIAM G. · 2013 to 2017
$3.2MEffects of High Potency Cannabis Products on Mental Health and Psychosocial FunctioningR01DA057894 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Christian J Hopfer · 2023 to 2026
$2.7MNeurobehavioral mechanisms linking childhood social disadvantage with substance use trajectories in adolescence and adulthoodR01DA056499 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Sylia Wilson · 2022 to 2026
$2.1MEstablishing if Music Engagement is a Protective Factor in Adolescent Substance Use Using Existing Longitudinal, Genetic, and Environmental DatasetsR01DA059804 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Daniel Gustavson · 2024 to 2026
$2.0MCommon mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in alcohol use disorder and depression: A genetically informed investigationK23AA026635 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI ELLINGSON, JARROD MARTIN · 2018 to 2022
$907kNIAAA NIH HHS K23 AA026635NIAAA NIH HHS R37 AA009367NIA NIH HHS R01 AG046938NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA057359NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA056408NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA036216NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA042755NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA053693NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA054087NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA056499NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA057894NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA059804NIDA NIH HHS R37 DA005147NIH HHS
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Nicotine use, particularly in adolescence, has been linked to increased psychosis risk in observational studies; however, the causal status of these associations remains unclear. We analyzed data from 3,836 twins from two longitudinal community samples with repeated nicotine use measures from adolescence into adulthood and a dimensional measure of psychosis proneness (psychoticism) in adulthood. We used individual-level mixed-effects models and co-twin control analyses that decompose associations into between-pair (familial) and within-pair (controlling for shared genetic and environmental factors) components, covarying sex, zygosity, cohort, age, and co-occurring substance use. Adolescent nicotine use predicted adult psychoticism at the individual level (β = .09, 95% confidence interval [CI; .06, .12]). Co-twin control analyses revealed significant between-pair effects (β = .10, 95% CI [.07, .14]) but nonsignificant within-pair effects (β = .04, 95% CI [-.02, .11]), suggesting familial confounding. Effects attenuated after accounting for adulthood nicotine use, suggesting longitudinal associations are attributable to continuity of nicotine exposure. Prospective co-twin control models over 4 years in adulthood also yielded null within-pair effects (β = .02, 95% CI [-.07, .11]). In contrast, cross-sectional adulthood associations persisted at the within-pair level (β = .12, 95% CI [.07, .17]), consistent with proximal rather than enduring effects. Taken together, associations between adolescent nicotine use and adulthood psychoticism appear largely attributable to shared familial factors and continuity of nicotine use into adulthood. Similarly, longitudinal analyses across two adult time points provide no evidence for enduring prospective causal effects. However, adult nicotine use shows cross-sectional associations with psychoticism, independent of familial confounding, suggesting potential causal effects over shorter term timescales warrant further investigation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
Indexed as
Psychotic DisordersAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleNicotineYoung AdultNicotine
Identifiers
PMID42782715
PMCPMC13614514
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390