Trial reportJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2026
Sarcopenia Is Associated With Severe Treatment Toxicity and Mortality in Older Adults With Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Analysis.
Trial report in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02054741 (A Geriatric Assessment Intervention for Patients Aged 70 and Over Receiving Chemotherapy or Similar Agents for Advanced Cancer), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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A Geriatric Assessment Intervention for Patients Aged 70 and Over Receiving Chemotherapy or Similar Agents for Advanced Cancer: Reducing Toxicity in Older Adults
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19 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSarcopenia, a loss of muscle strength, quantity and performance that occurs primarily from ageing or secondary to disease, is hypothesized to worsen treatment outcomes in patients with cancer. Most published studies, however, focus solely on muscle quantity in patients under 70. Here, we evaluate the association between sarcopenia, defined as both a loss of strength and muscle quantity, and treatment tolerability in older adults receiving cancer treatment.
methodsThis secondary analysis examines data from a randomized clinical trial evaluating a geriatric assessment intervention (NCT02054741). Older adults (≥ 70 years) with advanced cancer starting a new treatment regimen were recruited from community oncology practices across the United States. We analysed data from 161 participants in the usual care arm with baseline standard of care computed tomography (CT) scans. Sarcopenia was defined by reduced strength (chair stand > 16.7 s for five rises) and either a reduction in muscle quantity (skeletal muscle index [SMI] < 41 cm
resultsAmong 161 participants (mean age: 76.6 ± 4.7; 61% male, 94% non-Hispanic white), 57% (91/161) met criteria for sarcopenia, of which 59% (54/91) were considered severe. Sarcopenia was associated with deficits in multiple geriatric assessment domains (nutrition, activities of daily living, instrumental activities and cognition; p < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, patients with sarcopenia were more likely to experience severe non-hematologic toxicities (Grades 3-5; OR = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-4.47). In participants receiving first-line therapy, sarcopenia was associated with worse 1-year survival (46% survival [95% CI: 35%-55%]; HR = 2.12 [95% CI: 1.14-3.93]; 49 events) compared to those without sarcopenia (60% survival [95% CI: 48%-70%]; 28 events). SMI alone was not significantly associated with severe nonhematologic toxicity or survival.
conclusionSarcopenia is highly prevalent in older patients with cancer and is associated with severe toxicity and mortality. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing muscle strength, quantity, quality and performance when evaluating older adults with cancer.
trial registrationCLINICALTRIALS.GOV NCT02054741.
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