ArticleRheumatology advances in practice2026
56-year trends and disparities in systemic sclerosis mortality in the United States, 1968-2023: a retrospective population-based study.
Article in Rheumatology advances in practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: To describe long-term US trends in SSc mortality and disparities by sex, race, region and age. Methods: This was a retrospective population-based mortality study using CDC WONDER data from 1968 to 2023. We identified deaths with SSc as the underlying cause of death (UCD) and calculated annual age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 1 000 000 population standardized to the 2000 US standard population. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Sensitivity analyses used multiple cause of death (MCOD) data (1999-2023). Results: Among 55 567 SSc-UCD deaths, the annual number increased from 466 in 1968 to 1005 in 2023. The national AAMR increased from 2.66 (1968) to 4.87 (2001) and decreased to 2.37 (2023). Joinpoints occurred in 1987, 2001 and 2013; the steepest decline followed 2013 (APC -4.07%), with an overall AAPC of -0.44%. Female AAMR exceeded male AAMR throughout (female:male ratio from 2.0 to 3.6) and mortality declined more in males than females (AAPC -1.08% Conclusion: Despite the observed long-term decline in SSc-UCD mortality, deaths remained unevenly distributed by sex, race and age. These findings support risk-stratified follow-up and closer monitoring of older adults, women, Black/African American patients and other patients at elevated risk.
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