ReviewClinical parkinsonism & related disorders2026
Motor and non-motor outcomes post rehabilitation for persons with freezing of gait and Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.
Review in Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Freezing of gait (FOG), a symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), involves dysfunction across motor, cognitive, and limbic domains. Rehabilitation for PD traditionally emphasizes motor impairments, leaving non-motor FOG contributors underexplored, which may contribute to limited understanding of mechanisms underlying FOG or optimal FOG rehabilitation. To investigate this, we quantified within-group clinical outcomes related to postural control, executive function, and limbic domains to evaluate the impacts of rehabilitation studies on multidomain FOG pathophysiology in people with PD and FOG (PD + FOG). Methods: Search of PubMed and CINAHL used terms PD, FOG, rehabilitation, postural control, cognitive, and limbic outcomes. Full-text articles were assessed by two reviewers to confirm their eligibility. Eligible studies utilized >1 rehabilitation intervention session, reported pre- and post-training data for ≥1 FOG-related symptom domain outcome specifically for PD + FOG. Fixed or random effect meta-analyses were conducted for each domain, resulting in summary effect sizes Cohen's d (95% confidence interval) reflecting standardized within-group changes. Results: The search returned eighteen studies eligible for data extraction. Postural control results: 17 unique participant groups ( Discussion: Postural control and cognitive domain outcomes demonstrated significant post-intervention improvements following rehabilitation for PD + FOG. Limbic domain results showed small, nonsignificant pre-post changes. Few studies reported clinical outcome measures covering motor and non-motor domains. Further studies should assess motor and non-motor FOG-related domains and more comprehensive rehabilitation approaches for PD + FOG populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.