ArticleFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2026
Integrated RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analyses reveal muscle development differences between european meat pigeon and shiqi pigeon during embryonic to post-hatching stages.
Article in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Poultry muscle growth and development critically depend on skeletal muscle formation during embryonic and hatching stages. However, early embryonic muscle development differences between pigeon breeds remain unclear. We used European meat pigeons and Shiqi pigeons, which differ in body size, as models. Pectoral muscles from both breeds were subjected to ATAC-seq and RNA-seq at embryonic day 14 (E14) and post-hatching day 1 (P1). At P1, Shiqi pigeons had a significantly greater proportion of myofibers with 1-50 μm diameters, higher myofiber density, and a predominant 50-100 μm distribution across developmental stages compared to European meat pigeons. Integrated ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analyses revealed developmental dynamics driven by muscle contraction, cardiac regulatory pathways, and PI3K-Akt/muscle remodeling signaling, as well as breed differences in chromosomal structure/cell cycle regulation, cancer-related pathways, metabolic homeostasis, and calcium/estrogen signaling. Furthermore, 62 chromatin accessibility-gene expression co-varying DEGs (59 upregulated) were enriched in insulin receptor binding and AMPK/cGMP-PKG pathways; key genes including
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