Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42779774›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Gut archaea drive human MAIT cell responses.

Natasha Fisher-Pearson, Martin J Lett, Isaac W D Maylam, Connor J S Philp, Mariolina Salio, Richard J Suckling, Robert Simmons, Keir Barnbrook, Benjamin Swift, Walter Jaoko and 10 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Natasha Fisher-PearsonKennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2285-1220
Martin J LettTranslational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine (NDM), University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7230-9264
Isaac W D MaylamKennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0009-0000-4684-6165
Connor J S PhilpTranslational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine (NDM), University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0009-0003-4190-732X
Mariolina SalioImmunocore Ltd.; Abingdon, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4821-3801
Richard J SucklingImmunocore Ltd.; Abingdon, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6962-6533
Robert SimmonsImmunocore Ltd.; Abingdon, UK.
Keir BarnbrookImmunocore Ltd.; Abingdon, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9733-3551
Benjamin SwiftCarus Animal Health; Stevenage, UK.
Walter JaokoKAVI-Institute of Clinical Research (KAVI-ICR), University of Nairobi; Nairobi, Kenya.
Freddie KibengoMRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit (MUL); Entebbe, Uganda.
William KilembeCenter for Family Health Research Zambia (CFHRZ); Lusaka, Zambia.
Eduard J SandersKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP); Kilifi, Kenya.
Mark C ColesKennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8079-9358
Claire F PearsonKennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.
Paola CicconiThe Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.
Tomáš HankeThe Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6076-9546
Nicholas M ProvinePandemic Sciences Institute, NDM, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9694-2216
Paul KlenermanTranslational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine (NDM), University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4307-9161
Jethro S JohnsonKennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Oxford; Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9155-054X

Funding

cGMP Manufacture, Fill-Finish, Release, Analytical and Stability Testing and Stability Program of a Nanoparticle Based HIV Envelope Vaccine75N93022D00005 · NIAID · INTERNATIONAL AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE · PI HASSELL, THOMAS · 2022 to 2025
$8.0M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00005 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WATSON, KAROL E · 2020 to 2025
$5.1M
NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00005NIAID NIH HHS 75N93022D00005NIDA NIH HHS 75N95020D00005NIH HHS 75N93023D00005NIH HHS 75N99020D00005Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Archaea, the third domain of life, are a gut microbiome constituent, but their role in shaping immunity is poorly understood. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells sense microbial metabolites through their T cell receptor and contribute to antimicrobial defence and barrier homeostasis. Key sources of the major MAIT cell antigen 5-OP-RU within the human gut microbiome are unknown. Analysing microbiomes from UK, Zambian, Kenyan and Ugandan donors, we found strong correlations between archaeal riboflavin biosynthesis and circulating MAIT cell frequency and activation. Stool 5-OP-RU levels correlated with archaeal abundance. Cultures of methanogenic archaea, including the human commensal

Identifiers

PMID42779774
PMCPMC13596232

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.