Directional Inner-Surface Printing for High-Resolution Conformal Electronics.

Zhenxiang Xiong, Chenglin Yi, Dejin Yan, Wenao Ye, Zijun Yan, Ao Li, Yingjie Niu, Yuan Li, Hui Cheng, Kaifu Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhenxiang XiongSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Chenglin YiSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China. yichenglin@nwpu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-7677-2529

Dejin YanSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Wenao YeSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Zijun YanSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Ao LiSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Yingjie NiuSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Yuan LiSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.

Hui ChengSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China. chenghui@nwpu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-6209

Kaifu ZhangSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China. zhangkf@nwpu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) No. U24A20131

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The direct fabrication of functional electronics on conformal surfaces enables efficient space utilization, higher integration density, and reduced structural weight in advanced electronic systems. While conformal electronics on planar and externally curved surfaces have been widely investigated, no effective approach has been developed for high-resolution fabrication on cavity inner surfaces. This limitation leads to substantial underutilization of inner-surface resources and restricts their functional potential. Inspired by the traditional Chinese art of inner-painted snuff bottles, we introduce a directional inner-surface printing method based on the principles of aerosol jet printing

Identifiers

PMID42778567

DOI10.1038/s41467-026-76961-y

PMCPMC13601523

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.