ArticleNeuroSci2026
Diaphragmatic Thickness as a Marker of Systemic Muscle Depletion in Non-Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy: Implications for Integrated Neurorehabilitation Assessment.
Article in NeuroSci, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo examine the association between diaphragmatic thickness and upper arm muscle area (AMA), as a surrogate of nutritional status, in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) stratified by gross motor function severity.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, participants were stratified into ambulatory (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] I-III) and non-ambulatory (GMFCS IV-V) groups. AMA was estimated from anthropometric measurements, and diaphragmatic thickness was assessed by B- and M-mode ultrasonography; between-group comparisons used the Mann-Whitney U test and associations were examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ).
resultsFifty children aged 2-12 years with a confirmed CP diagnosis were evaluated (14 ambulatory, 36 non-ambulatory). In the non-ambulatory group, diaphragmatic thickness showed significant positive correlations with AMA during inspiration (ρ = 0.50;
conclusionsIn children with severe CP, a significant association between peripheral muscle reserve and diaphragmatic thickness suggests a possible functional link between nutritional status and respiratory muscle morphology. These preliminary findings support further investigation of diaphragmatic ultrasonography as a non-invasive tool for combined nutritional and respiratory monitoring in pediatric neurorehabilitation.
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