Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42776644›Full record

ArticleInfectious disease reports2026

Mixed

Bram Vanmechelen, Fedoua Echahidi, Stijn Jonckheere, Patricia Vandecandelaere, Ines Malysse, Oriane Soetens, Charlotte Michel

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious disease reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Bram VanmechelenDepartment of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0009-0001-4970-0222
Fedoua EchahidiDepartment of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-8075-1012
Stijn JonckheereDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Jan Yperman Hospital, 8900 Ypres, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-6465-3666
Patricia VandecandelaereDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Jan Yperman Hospital, 8900 Ypres, Belgium.ORCID 0009-0006-3313-9377
Ines MalysseDepartment of Internal Medicine, Jan Yperman Hospital, 8900 Ypres, Belgium.
Oriane SoetensDepartment of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-4281-9749
Charlotte MichelDepartment of Microbiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0250-2664

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLegionnaires' disease (LD) is most often described as caused by a single CASE PRESENTATION: A 61-year-old woman developed acute fever, malaise, and productive cough after visiting a wellness spa in France, with radiological findings consistent with a lower respiratory tract infection. The urinary antigen test (UAT) for Lp was negative, but respiratory multiplex PCR was weakly positive. Subsequent testing at the Belgian National Reference Centre (NRC) for

conclusionsMixed Lp SG infections are likely underrecognized in routine practice, as neither UAT, commercial molecular assays, nor characterization of a single cultured isolate may adequately capture within-host strain diversity. Comprehensive diagnostic approaches combining culture with analysis of multiple colonies and molecular tests are essential for accurate case detection and source attribution. Referral to NRCs is recommended when advanced typing methods are unavailable. This first reported Belgian case illustrates the potential implications for patient management and epidemiological investigations, underscoring the need for broader diagnostic strategies.

Indexed as

BelgiumLegionella pneumoniaLegionella pneumophilaLegionella serogroupLegionnaires’ diseasemixed Legionella infection

Identifiers

PMID42776644
PMCPMC13600221

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.