ArticleJournal of eye movement research2026
Looking Back While Reading Ahead: Regressive Fixations and Temporal Anticipation in Music Sight-Reading.
Article in Journal of eye movement research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
This study examined how regressive fixations relate to temporal anticipation and unfolding temporal dynamics during music sight-reading. Eye-movement, performance, and respiratory data were recorded from 28 flutists performing three scores differing in musical and metrical structure; performance recordings were MIDI-aligned with eye-movement and respiratory measures. Regressive fixations were defined as fixations following regressions toward previously viewed score notes. A participant-grouped random forest model explained 60% of the out-of-fold variance in regressive-fixation count, highlighting fixation count, mean fixation duration, and time-based eye-hand span as leading predictors. Mixed-effects analyses showed that time-based eye-hand span was the most consistent predictor, while performance duration and mean fixation duration provided additional information. Rhythmic accuracy moderated the relationship between temporal anticipation and regressive-fixation count, with a stronger positive association in more accurate performances (β = 1.062, 95% CI [0.282, 1.842],
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