Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42776097›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2026

Facilitators and Barriers to Research Participation Among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth: A Youth-Engaged Qualitative Study.

An H Pham, Axel Ramirez, Lily Chang, Steph Cull, Kade Goldin, Taryn Henning, Morrigan McKernan, Chloe Sobolewski, Bek Urban, Zoe Webster and 5 more

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In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

An H PhamDepartment of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address: anphammdmph@gmail.com.
Axel RamirezDepartment of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Lily ChangDepartment of Medical Education, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Steph CullDepartment of Sociology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Kade GoldinSchool of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Taryn HenningDepartment of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Morrigan McKernanDepartment of Medical Education, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Chloe SobolewskiDepartment of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Bek UrbanDepartment of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Zoe WebsterDepartment of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Melissa-Irene JacksonDepartment of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Melanie K BeanDepartment of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Suzanne MazzeoDepartment of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Maria ThomsonDepartment of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Kym R AhrensDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Funding

Using youth-engaged methods to develop and evaluate a measure for disordered eating behaviors in transgender and gender-diverse youthK23MH134111 · NIMH · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI An Huynh Pham · 2024 to 2026
$597k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH134111
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTransgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth populations face unique challenges in health care, yet are underrepresented in research. Using youth-engaged research methods, we collaborated with a youth advisory board to explore promoters and barriers of TGD youth research recruitment and participation.

methodsA total of 21 TGD youth aged 12-22 years were recruited nationally to participate in semistructured interviews that were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Key themes and subthemes were identified using thematic analysis.

resultsFour themes were identified: 1) recruitment materials and resources can deter or encourage research participation; 2) There are special considerations for research recruitment of TGD youth due to stigma against TGD people; 3) personal relationships may negatively or positively affect recruitment within TGD research; and 4) research staff can promote a positive and affirming research environment for TGD youth participants. DISCUSSION: The factors participants highlighted, outlined in the observed themes, can be considered by research teams to enhance recruitment and retention strategies and study protocols for TGD youth populations. These efforts could both improve the experience for TGD youth participating in research and yield more generalizable data, as they would likely encourage greater levels of engagement.

Indexed as

Research participationTransgenderYouth-engaged research

Identifiers

PMID42776097
PMCPMC13602202

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.