ArticleBioMed research international2026
Food Away From Home and Body Mass Index: Insights From a Quantile Regression Analysis of NHANES 2011-2020.
Article in BioMed research international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundFood away from home (FAFH) has several health implications and is believed to be a contributing factor to the rise in obesity. However, studies focusing on the impact of FAFH along the distribution of body mass index (BMI) remain scarce. This cross-sectional study is aimed at using nationally representative survey data over multiple years to examine whether FAFH affects individuals differently based on their BMI.
methodsData from the four recent cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were pooled for analysis. Quantile regression (QR) method was utilized to model the outcome of interest "BMI" and the exposure "FAFH," adjusted for potential confounders. The use of QR allowed differential effects of FAFH on BMI to be evident that would otherwise be masked using a linear or logistic regression model. Survey weights were applied in all analyses to address the complex sampling procedure of the NHANES.
resultsQR method showed differential effects of FAFH on conditional BMI distribution. For individuals in the lower tail of the BMI distribution (0.05 quantile), three or more FAFH a week was associated with BMI increase of 0.29 kg/m
conclusionQR revealed a broadly positive FAFH-BMI association across the BMI distribution, with statistically significant associations through the 70th percentile and less precise estimates in the upper tail. Although further research is needed to better understand these associations, our findings highlight the importance of considering distributional patterns and statistical uncertainty when evaluating the impact of FAFH consumption on BMI and designing public health interventions.
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