Serum oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD, GSH-PX) and IL-6/TNF-α ratio as biochemical indicators of disease progression in pediatric cariogenic pulpitis.

Mengxing Wang, Tian Xia, Ying Wang

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Article in Journal of medical biochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 authors.

Mengxing WangCapital Medical University, Capital Center for Children's Health, Department of Stomatology, China.

Tian XiaCapital Medical University, Capital Center for Children's Health, Department of Stomatology, China.

Ying WangCapital Medical University, Capital Center for Children's Health, Department of Stomatology, China.

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cariogenic pulpitis is a common pediatric oral disease in which oxidative stress and inflammatory imbalance are increasingly recognized as important pathogenic mechanisms. Biochemical markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the serum IL-6/TNF- α ratio may provide insight into disease severity and progression. Methods: A total of 64 children with cariogenic pulpitis admitted between May 2023 and October 2024 were included, along with 64 healthy children as controls. Serum MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, and IL-6/TNF- α ratio were measured using standard biochemical assays (TBA colorimetry, xanthine oxidase method, NADPH-coupled assay, and ELISA). Group comparisons were performed, and correlations with disease stage and caries depth were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Compared with controls, children with pulpitis had significantly higher MDA and IL-6/TNF- α levels (t = 18.542 and 20.639, both P < 0.001) and lower SOD and GSH-Px activities (t = 8.279 and 12.449, both P < 0.001). Within the pulpitis group (30 early stage, 24 middle stage, 10 late stage), MDA levels were positively correlated with both caries depth and disease severity (r = 0.82, P < 0.05), while SOD (r = -0.78, P < 0.05) and GSH-Px (r = -0.75, P < 0.05) were negatively correlated. The IL-6/TNF- α ratio was positively correlated with both stage and depth (r = 0.71, P < 0.05), increasing significantly with lesion depth (r = 0.56, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Elevated MDA and IL-6/TNF- α ratio reflect greater oxidative and inflammatory burden and are associated with advanced stages of pediatric cariogenic pulpitis, whereas higher SOD and GSH-Px activities are associated with earlier disease. These biochemical indices may serve as adjunctive laboratory markers for evaluating disease progression and guiding therapeutic monitoring in pediatric pulpitis.

Indexed as

biochemical markersglutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)IL-6/TNF-α ratiomalondialdehyde (MDA)oxidative stresspediatric cariogenic pulpitissuperoxide dismutase (SOD)

Identifiers

PMID42775031

DOI10.5937/jomb0-61223

PMCPMC13596840

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.