ArticleIJID regions2026
Utilization of non-prescribed medications and associated factors for treating upper respiratory tract infection among children attending services at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2025.
Article in IJID regions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Utilization of non-prescribed medications remains high, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. It contributes to antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to identify the utilization of non-prescribed medication and its predictors for treating upper respiratory tract infections among children attending services at Debre Tabor. Methods: A facility-based mixed study design was employed among 406 participants. A systematic random sampling technique and a purposive sampling technique were used to recruit the study participants. Data were collected using Kobo toolbox data collection tools and analyzed using SPSS (version 20). Descriptive statistics were presented in tables, figures, and text. Additionally, five participants were interviewed using an in-depth interview guideline. Multivariable regression analysis was computed to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Variables with Results: The utilization of non-prescribed medication for treating upper respiratory infections in children was 12.6%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) (9.5-16.2). Urban residency (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.4, CI 1.04-5.52), maternal age between 31 and 40 years (AOR = 4.2, CI 2.44-7.19), maternal education level at primary school (AOR = 3.1, CI 1.09-8.72), and children with chronic diseases (AOR = 0.33, CI 0.14-0.78) were statistically significant factors. The qualitative study results supported the quantitative results. Conclusion: The utilization of non-prescribed medication in children remains a concerning issue. Participants' residency, age, educational status, and having children with chronic diseases were significantly associated with the utilization of non-prescribed medications. We recommend that health professionals and other stakeholders empower mothers to avoid the utilization of non-prescribed medication to treat their children.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.