ArticleExploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy2026
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and initial psychometric evaluation of the Indonesian PSPSQ 2.0 in community pharmacies and public primary healthcare centres.
Article in Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of healthcare quality and patient-reported experience. However, a culturally adapted and psychometrically evaluated Indonesian version of the Patient Satisfaction with Pharmacist Services Questionnaire (PSPSQ 2.0) has not been reported. Objectives: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the initial psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the PSPSQ 2.0 among patients receiving pharmacist services in community pharmacies ( Methods: Patients were purposively recruited via an anonymous online questionnaire. The instrument underwent forward-backward translation, expert review, content validity assessment, and cognitive debriefing. Structural validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis with a polychoric correlation matrix, MINRES extraction, and oblimin rotation. Factor retention was assessed using eigenvalues, scree-plot inspection, and Horn's parallel analysis. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Results: A total of 200 participants were included (58% female; mean age 29.85 ± 9.07 years). I-CVI values ranged from 0.80 to 1.00, with an overall S-CVI/Ave of 0.975. The KMO was 0.920, with significant Bartlett's test (χ Conclusion: The Indonesian PSPSQ 2.0 demonstrated preliminary evidence of structural validity and internal consistency for assessing patient satisfaction in community and primary care settings. Further studies are needed to confirm its factor structure and applicability across broader and more diverse populations.
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